Squanto and the Great Debate

Grade Levels: 6 - 8

Overview

Tisquantum – also known as Squanto – may be one of the most controversial historical figures associated with the Pilgrim settlement in Plymouth in the early 1620s. One question worth pursuing is whether or not he helped the English settlers at the expense of his own people.

Students will delve into the history of Squanto by having them debate whether Squanto was a man of honor or an opportunist looking to better his position in life.

Objectives

• The students will research Squanto's and the Pilgrims' relationships.
• The students will prepare statements to support the point of view assigned for a debate.
• The students will debate whether Squanto was a man of honor or an opportunist looking to better his position in life.

Procedures

1. Have students research the life of Squanto in relation to the early colonists.

2. Divide the class into two position groups: pro-Squanto and anti-Squanto.

   The pro-Squanto groups can begin formulating their position based on these facts:

   • He befriended the Pilgrims.
   • He taught settlers how to fish, catch eels, and work the land.
   • He acted as an interpreter and guide to the colonists.
   • He negotiated a peace treaty between Massasoit and the Wampanoag Indians and John Carver and the Pilgrims.
   • He is credited with saving the Pilgrims from severe famine.

   The anti-Squanto groups can build their case against the integrity of Squanto based on these theories:
   

   • He abused his position of authority for his own gain.
   • He threatened the Indians.
   • He suggested the Pilgrims would release the plague against the Indians.
   • He became corrupted by power.
   • He hid from the Indians when Massasoit demanded that Squanto be turned over to him for execution.

3. Uncover more about Squanto and Thanksgiving on the Internet. The Web is also a great place to find information on debating techniques.

4. Hold a debate.